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​There are two main types of esophagus cancer: squamous and adenocarcinoma. Most cases of squamous cancers of esophagus are associated with long-term smoking and/or excessive drinking of alcohol. Adenocarcinoma is a commoner type of esophageal cancer that is increasing in incidence. This type of cancer is associated with acid-reflux into esophagus or gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and Barrett's esophagus. Most cases of cancer of the esophagus occur in people over age 60. People with a history of precancerous conditions such as Barrett's esophagus, achalasia and chronic stricture (narrowing) of the esophagus are at risk.

Esophageal cancer is best suited to a team approach at a tertiary center with experience.


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